Month: March 2024

Grace Cheng (she/her/hers), Low Entropy Volunteer Writer

Acquired taste refers to the appreciation and enjoyment of certain foods, drinks, music, art and other cultural elements that may not be immediately appealing to a particular individual. It is a phenomenon that has strong ties to individual identity, since it reflects the complex interaction between individual preferences, cultural influences and social interactions.

Psychological Processes

The development of acquired taste is a complex psychological process that shapes one’s preferences and identity. The concepts of familiarity and exposure are among the most important psychological factors. It is demonstrated in psychology that repeated exposure to certain stimuli can result in increased preference and liking for those stimuli, a phenomenon known as the mere exposure effect. Individuals may acquire tastes through repeated exposure to certain foods, music or art forms, resulting in a change in their preferences and personal identity over time.

Furthermore, acquiring a taste for something often involves cognitive analysis and reinterpretation of the sensory experience. Initially, individuals may find certain tastes or cultural elements offensive due to unfamiliarity or preconceived notions; however, through cognitive reappraisal and reinterpretation, they may come to appreciate and enjoy them. An individual’s sense of self is constructed through the active engagement with and reinterpretation of their experiences, which illustrates the dynamic nature of identity formation.

Cultural and Social Influences

A society’s cultural norms and values determine what is considered palatable or aesthetically pleasing, influencing individuals’ initial reactions to certain tastes or cultural elements. As an example, the concept of acquired taste can be observed in the realm of cuisine, where individuals of different cultural backgrounds may have a preference for flavors, spices or cooking methods that are characteristic of their culture.

Additionally, societal influences, such as media, peer groups and marketing, play a vital role in shaping people’s exposure to and perception of acquired tastes. The media representation of certain cultural elements, such as music genres or art forms, can have an impact on individuals’ initial attitudes toward them, while peer groups and social networks can facilitate the exposure and adoption of new tastes. It is also important to note that marketing strategies are often designed to cultivate acquired tastes by framing certain products or experiences as sophisticated or exclusive, thereby influencing individuals’ perceptions of those tastes and their own identities with them.

Identity Formation and Expression

It is widely accepted that acquired tastes contribute significantly to the development and expression of an individual’s identity, reflecting the multifaceted nature of identity construction. A person’s development of acquired tastes is intertwined with the process of self-discovery and self-definition, as they navigate their preferences and cultural affiliations. Developing a taste for certain cultural elements can serve as a means of asserting one’s identity and belonging within a particular social or cultural context, as individuals align themselves with particular tastes and practices that reflect their own identity.

In addition, acquired tastes can be used as markers of distinction and individuality, allowing individuals to differentiate themselves from one another based on their preferences and consumption habits. It is particularly apparent in the world of luxury goods and experiences, where the cultivation of acquired tastes is often highly regarded as a symbol of social standing and exclusivity. It is in this context that acquired tastes are entwined with notions of prestige and social identity, where people use their preferences to signal their social and cultural standing.

By understanding the impact of acquired tastes on identity, we can gain a deeper understanding of how people negotiate preferences, cultural affiliations and social positioning. It’s important to acknowledge that acquired tastes are multifaceted, and they help us understand the evolving nature of identity, as individuals reinterpret cultural elements to form their sense of self.

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Grace has an accounting and finance background. She enjoys reading, writing, listening to music, watching movies and playing sports.

Lauren Long (she/her/hers), Low Entropy Volunteer Writer

There are so many moments in my life where I’ve made excuses, for myself and for others. Where did that lead? To a lot of heartache and misery. I’ve had people in my life for whom I made excuses, but I know what hurts most is when you make excuses that prevent you from helping yourself. 

When I was in my second year of university, I had a bad bout of depression, one that made it nearly impossible for me to get out of bed and go to class. I was the textbook definition of going through the motions. I thought I was doing a good job of acting like everything was fine, but there were people who saw right through me and saw how much pain I was in. 

It took some convincing on their part, but I agreed to try talking to one of the school counsellors, and once I did, I started to feel better. Because of that feeling, I decided to continue the counselling when I came home that summer and made an appointment with a counsellor in my hometown. Because I’d had such a positive experience at university with counselling, I was optimistic that this one would be as well. I couldn’t have been more wrong. 

In my first and only session with this counsellor, she managed to make me feel horrible about myself, even suggesting I needed to spend time in the psychiatric ward. It’s something that still boils my blood whenever I think about it, because not only was it unprofessional, it was incredibly judgmental and demeaning. That one appointment set me back for years, and I refused to even think about trying a different counsellor. When I returned to school that fall, I resumed seeing the counsellor I had begun talking to the previous semester. I didn’t have a plan for what I would do after I graduated, but I think there was a small part of me that believed I would be okay because I’d been going to see this counsellor every week. 

Flashforward to 2018. I was once again in a bad place mentally, and because my emotional and mental health were so poor, the people around me were suffering too. In hindsight, I realize how much anger and bitterness I had kept buried for years because I didn’t want to deal with it. Instead of having the freedom to enjoy my life, I was held prisoner by my past. 

That was when I knew it was time to get help and try counselling again. My mom and I sat down one afternoon and began looking at different counsellors I could see in town. We found one, and I have been seeing her for almost six years. 

My decision to go to counselling again was the best one I ever made. I know had I chosen not to go, I would be a very different person right now. Or I might be dead. Both of those are entirely possible scenarios, but I don’t live in the past anymore. That’s something I have worked continuously on with my counsellor, recognizing that, as much as I might wish I could go back in time and change certain things, there is no time machine to do that. Nor do I keep my anger and other emotions hidden. I say what I’m thinking. I’m free to feel my emotions and free to live my life without being held back by my past.

I find it immensely helpful to listen to music that reflects whatever it is I’m feeling to help me work through my emotions, or any written piece really. One that comes to mind is Taylor Swift’s poem “Why She Disappeared.” I first heard this poem when I watched Taylor’s reputation Stadium Tour on Netflix, and it resonated with me so much because it echoed my own life experiences. I’ve shared it to my Instagram and written it in my journals so that I can remind myself, on the days where I wish my past hadn’t happened and I hadn’t come into contact with the people who made my life miserable, that without those experiences and those people, I wouldn’t be where I am now.

We can’t change our pasts and we can’t go back, but we can let go and look to the future with hope. Going to counselling has given me hope, and it has made me a healthier, happier me. I don’t feel as though there’s a heavy weight pressing down on me anymore. When I made the decision to go back to counselling, not only did it save my life, it gave me a chance to take back my power and rediscover myself.

“She remembered who she was and the game changed.” ~ Lalah Delia

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Born and raised in Quesnel, BC, Lauren Long is a strong advocate for mental health and overall well-being, as well as being a major Swiftie and a role model for positive body image. When she’s not writing, you can find her on the pole, on the training mats or curled up with a good book. 

Ugochi Guchy Kalu (she/her/hers), Low Entropy Volunteer Writer

I used to passionately believe that love was enough. How can it not really be enough? The hot sizzling feelings, the sleepless nights we spent talking about anything and everything. The excitement that felt like a heart attack, the endless laughter, the kisses, the professions, the “I love you”s we recited more than 10 times daily. The unexplainable happiness, the promises, the light in our eyes, the tears from missing each other, the anxiety of waiting for each other—tell me, how can these not be enough? How can two people with such extraordinary feelings one day part ways? Perhaps I was a cynic or a hopeless romantic, but I did always believe that when it got tough, love would swoop in like Captain America and save the relationship.

Ethan and I had all these feelings and more. We were sure only death could come between us. We were soul mates, we finished each other’s sentences, we cried the same tears, fought over who loved the other more, we competed on how to out-gift each other. Everyone who knew us always thought we were a power couple, people admired how much we complimented each other, how we looked out for each other. I, for one, knew for sure that Ethan was my forever. Two years later, it all became hazy. Now my question remains: Where does love go when it leaves?

Imagine waking up one morning and feeling free from the one person you wanted to be bound with for life. These things creep up on you, from little resentments, keeping scores, little indiscretions, unresolved anger, the untendered apologies, the trivial lies, the emotional cheating, the innocent flirts, the mindless comments, the hurtful remarks. Sooner than later, love gets comfortable, way too comfortable, and it becomes a burden. The deterioration stages begin with ignoring tiny details and unhealthy competitions. Worse still, the feeling that we deserve better, the comparison, the constant nagging feeling that our love is no longer enough, the suffocations that soon turn into complacency. When all the negative feelings accumulate, slowly love fades into the dark, as fast as resentment and disdain take over. What is left? At this point, Ethan and I struggled with letting go. We knew for sure that letting go would bring us both peace, yet we fought so hard, deepening the hurt further.

In the quiet aftermath of our love, we found ourselves tangled in the silence of irreconcilable differences. There was no mending it, there was no cure. We were too far down the rabbit hole to make it back up. The awkward silences, the change in subjects, the inability to look each other in the eye—our love was so far gone that we held on to its shadows. What is more destructive than war is the peace and quiet before the actual war—this was true of our relationship. We no longer warred over restoration; the quietude ate deep into the fabric of our being. We made the choice to go our separate ways.

In the journey of life, relationships often serve as the cornerstones of our experiences. They shape our identities, offer companionship and contribute to our emotional well-being. However, despite our best intentions and efforts, there are moments when relationships reach an impasse. Sometimes, despite love and commitment, the realization dawns that parting ways is the only viable option. These moments, marked by irreconcilable differences, can be profoundly challenging, but also transformative.

Similarly, friendships can also be strained by irreconcilable differences. As individuals grow and evolve, their interests, priorities and worldviews may diverge, leading to a natural drift apart. This is not always a reflection of personal animosity, but rather an acknowledgment of changing circumstances and paths.

Navigating the end of relationships is a  daunting task. However, amidst the pain and upheaval, there are valuable lessons to be gleaned and opportunities for personal growth.

Firstly, accepting the reality of irreconcilable differences is crucial in initiating the healing process. Denial or clinging onto false hope only prolongs the agony and impedes emotional closure. Acknowledging that, despite love and effort, some chasms cannot be bridged, is the first step towards healing.

Communication, even in the face of separation, remains vital. Honest and respectful dialogue can facilitate closure, allowing both parties to express their perspectives, emotions and intentions. While it may not alter the outcome, it fosters understanding and lays the groundwork for an amicable parting.

Self-reflection is also invaluable in navigating the aftermath of irreconcilable differences. Taking stock of one’s own needs, values and boundaries can illuminate the factors that contributed to the dissolution of the relationship. This introspection informs future interactions and choices, guiding us towards more compatible connections.

Furthermore, seeking support from friends, family or professional counselors can provide solace and perspective during challenging times. Sharing experiences and emotions with trusted confidants fosters a sense of belonging and reminds us that we are not alone in our struggles.

In the wake of our shattered love, I found myself adrift. While the acknowledgment of irreconcilable differences heralded the end of my relationship, it also paved the way for personal growth. I have come to see it not as a loss, but rather as a necessary door that had to close for new beginnings. 

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My name is Ugochi Guchy Kalu, I embraced the harsh reality of separation with grace, honesty, and self-awareness. The lessons from the failure have taught me new ways to navigate the complexities of human connections with resilience and dignity.

Glory Li (she/her/hers), Low Entropy Volunteer Writer 

Once upon a time, I confidently submitted my literary masterpiece of the quality which I thought would battle against both the works of ancient scribes and modern authors alike. However, little did I know, a cruel fate awaited me. Unpredictably and unprecedentedly, just before my submission, a classmate summoned an essay that left Shakespeare rolling in his poetic grave, rendering my so-called masterpiece more “masterpiece-ish.” It was like my stellar writing was struck down before it had the moment to sparkle in the sky. So, does that mean that I arrogantly overestimated my essay, or that my luck betrayed me in that crucial instant? Possibly, but on a superficial level. You see, the underlying principle that simultaneously degraded decent writings into humble scribbles and elevated mere adequate ones into wordsmith honours of the class was witnessing the perceptual contrast principle at work. 

Perceptual contrast[1] occurs when two starkly different items are placed side-by-side, causing people to interpret them as more positive or negative than they actually are (which suggested I exaggerated both my classmate’s literal ingenuity and my subpar performance). Examples of this principle apply to every subjective aspect of the world; judgments without proven accurate answers are subjective and can be transformed into topics of debate. When teachers evaluate essays, there is always a marking rubric, although it is up to a teacher’s subjective impression of how much writing technique used in the paper is considered enough by their standards. Often, marks fluctuate under the hands of different teachers, with one giving you a 97 and the other one a 92 depending on what the teachers have read previously, which bases the general critical assessment of your own writing quality on a real ambiguous scale. On the contrary, I doubt anyone will argue against you insisting that the square root of four is two because your toes could just scream it is the inevitable correct solution to the question. 

Further demonstrations and studies of perceptual contrast:

Fill three pails of water, one moderately hot, one cold and one lukewarm. Put your left hand in the hot bucket and your right hand in the cold bucket at the same time for twenty-ish seconds. When you thrust both your hands into the room temperature bucket, you will feel as if the cold hand is submerged in warm water and the hot hand seems to be in cold water even though in reality the lukewarm bucket remains the same temperature.[2] The perception of the same thing can be made to feel different based on the nature of events preceding it. It’s a study first designed by Dr. Robert Cialdini and is published in his book Influence.

Salespeople and real-estate companies usually use the contrast principle to their own advantage. By first presenting a “negative item” before the “positive” item that they were actually hoping to sell, they double the chance of a sale and cash in client decisions without the appearance of manipulation or structuring the circumstance in their own favour. For instance, clothing retailers may first show you an expansive brand of pants that most people wouldn’t be willing to spend their money on. Any ordinary, relatively good-quality pants they show you afterward will appear much more affordable and cheap then they actually are compared to the overall pants market. Likewise, estate agents might first exhibit a “setup property,” a house of poor condition and unreasonably high prices that the agents have no intention of selling you. But it makes the house they later host the tour at look much more attractive and well-furnished because the first one felt pathetically miserable.[3] 

Studies conducted by Guangzhou Medical University[4] found people rate attractive faces more charismatic and average faces much less attractive when they were presented in the same environment than if they were presented one-by-one. The contrast principle works most severely when social media advertise and glorify unrealistic standards of beauty that natural people in real life cannot satisfy, lowering the physical attractiveness of potential partners actually present in the vicinity for people to become unsatisfied and preoccupied with a more attractive prince charming that might never appear in the world.

The perceptual contrast principle is a double-edged sword that could make your life harder by casting a shadow over your writing prowess or turning your partner’s special face plain. Conversely, you could also be the top-performing, the standout writers and the savvy merchants selling overpriced items for profit generation. So, how can you recognize the tricks when the principle is practically undetectable? Just avoid taking the contrasting feedback too seriously. Instead, learn from your experiences and consciously interrogate your judgements. Learn from both the teachers who edited and marked your essay up or down, there are always valuable insights from either party. Understand sometimes undervaluation of your work does occur, giving you a mark out of proportion to your effort in writing it. But it might stem from a teacher’s previous reading experience that is not equivalent to a universal denial of your capabilities. Knowing the contrast principle allows you to separate personal evaluations from environmental impacts and helps you work through diverse feedback with resilience and acceptance in mind. 

Works Cited 

[1]Anumolu, Joshua. “How to Have Influence, Part 2: The Contrast Principle.” Ethos Debate, LLC, 17 Jan. 2018, www.ethosdebate.com/influence-part-2-contrast-principle.

[2]Without Contrast Everything Seems Expensive. www.wickersham.co.uk/blog/without-contrast-everything -seems-expensive.

[3]Cialdini, Robert B. Chapter 1: Levers of Influence. Page. 34-35. Influence, New and Expanded. HarperCollins, 2021.

[4]Lei, Yatian, et al. “Contrast Effect of Facial Attractiveness in Groups.” Frontiers in Psychology, vol. 11, Frontiers Media, 15 Sept. 2020, https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2020.02258.

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Leave your thoughts for Glory in the comments below. You can also follow us on Facebook, Instagram, TikTok, Twitter and YouTube to stay up-to-date with Low Entropy news!

Erica Prosser (she/her/hers), Low Entropy Volunteer Writer

I spend more time than I would like to admit contemplating the contradictory nightmare that is often the human experience. You should prioritize exercise, but not like that. You need to get eight hours of sleep, but only 5 a.m. clubbers are truly productive! You should watch what you eat but only intuitively! Diets are bad (okay, this one has some merit, but if you’re anything like me, you intuitively want to eat a bowl of ice cream every night)! You should be a “gentle parent” but don’t hold your baby too much or they’ll get spoiled. 

The constant myriad of conflicting information can be absolutely mind-boggling. So many of us want to feel unique, and yet we’re so quick to feel defensive and want to convince others that our way is the “right” way when they have a different favourite band, pizza place or tattoo style. We crave individuality, but bristle at the slightest hint of disagreement. What is it in our human brains that makes our thinking so damn paradoxical?

I used to be the ultimate persuader, constantly armed with arguments and refusing to back down, ready to conquer any opposition if I felt my opinion was the right one. I get how easy it can be to fall into that pit of defensiveness—frankly, sometimes I still find myself swimming around down there (you will never convince me there’s a better movie franchise to watch over Christmas holidays than Lethal Weapon). And maybe some of it simply comes with getting older, entering motherhood and quite frankly just no longer having the energy to care if everyone agrees with me, but I’m also a strong believer in personal growth. Now, we all know “growth” has become something of a buzzword in recent years, but I still think it’s a vital part of showing up in our society with kindness and empathy, and to me the key to personal growth is being open to other perspectives. During a recent conversation with my brilliant sister, she shared a striking realization: “I’ve come to realize I really don’t think there is a reality; there is only perception.” 

Of course, there are many exceptions to this statement. Basic human rights like dignity, freedom from prejudice, and bodily autonomy, as well as established scientific facts, aren’t up for debate as a matter of opinion. But in most other aspects in life, being open to other perspectives can not only help you grow, but open your world to all the beautiful possibilities and connectedness that true empathy brings to your relationships. There’s something so profoundly comforting that blooms inside you when you feel truly heard and understood. 

I was chatting with my cousin the other day, someone I always love to bounce ideas off of since, as a woman of colour, she has a deep well of experience and perspective that I could never gain from my everyday life. I often turn to her for advice and resources on talking to my children about topics like racism and cultural appropriation. On this particular occasion however, we were chatting about high school jobs, and she argued that teenagers shouldn’t have to work because she feels it takes away from how they experience their childhood. Coming from a vastly different socioeconomic background than her, I could offer the perspective rooted in the reality that I grew up with. Some households either rely on that extra income, or simply don’t have the disposable income to pay for their teens to have the latest clothes or go out with their friends. I felt myself getting flustered as I explained my view since, for most of my life, any opposing viewpoint was seen as hostility and I was worried about how I might come off. But you know what? She surprised me. She thanked me for sharing my opinion and opening her eyes to a different perspective that she hadn’t considered before.

How much time and energy do you spend feeling as though you’re screaming into the void, trying to get someone to see things your way? The fact of the matter is that most people are so consumed by their own experiences and emotions that it’s almost impossible for them to see things your way. I think the best we can do is share our perspective, share those pieces of ourselves that make us who we are and trust that the people around us will surprise us when it matters most. Genuine understanding begins with a willingness to listen to and learn from each other. I think you’ll find when you embrace true empathy in your relationships, whether with your partner, friends or family, those little differences in opinion transform from points of contention to the beginning of deep conversations that can change how you look at the world.

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Olivia Alberton (she/her/hers), Low Entropy Volunteer Writer

Time is a funny thing. Some days seem to go by quickly, while others seem to drag. You cannot believe that it is only Wednesday in what seems like the longest week of your life, and yet, it is already March. That old saying “time flies” comes to mind. Time flies both in days and in years. Over the decades there have been countless inventions which have advanced the way we carry out daily tasks and the way we live. Some of these things include the automobile, the television, the cellphone and of course the internet. However, despite all these transformations, in the grand scheme of things, I believe that times do not really change, because the essence of humanity stays the same. Humans are creatures of habit, which is good and bad. 

The need for human connection is a key element in our humanity that has not changed in the slightest. Human connection can come in many forms, one of them being romantic love. Wanting to find a partner who will stand by your side, know you inside out and love you is something that most people seek. Depictions of this love range in time from Shakespeare’s Romeo and Juliet to Jane Austen’s Elizabeth and Mr. Darcy, to modern examples like Noah and Allie from The Notebook. The way each of these couples go about “courting” each other is vastly different, but the common element in all is love.

In addition to romantic love, there is also platonic love—the love of friends and family also being pivotal in life. I do not think that humans are meant to live alone. We need to talk to someone about our thoughts, our fears, our successes. Having someone to lean on when times get rough is part of this human connection. It is interesting to think about how much has changed over the course of history. What is more interesting to me, however, is thinking about how we still have so much in common with people from the past. Looking at old photographs, whether it be in a museum or even a family photo album, and knowing that these people had dreams, hopes and fears just like us now, feels surreal. Knowing that, despite the time that has elapsed, humans still seek beauty, love, laughter, peace and friendship—that is something that I think is so beautiful. However, though it is nice to think about the beauty of humanity, we must not forget about the darker side of human nature that does not change. 

The main element that has not changed is that racism and hate still exist. One target of this hate is the Black community in North America. Although segregation ended and the civil rights movement happened in the 1950s and 60s, creating some change, invisible barriers are still present, creating an “us versus them” mentality between Black and white communities in our society. Black cultural studies critic, Christina Sharpe, does an excellent job of describing how Black people are still living in the wake of slavery because the past racism is bleeding into the present. Sharpe says “living in the wake means living in and with terror in that in much of what passes for public discourse about terror we, Black people, become the carriers of terror [. . .]” (Sharpe, 15). Being these carriers of terror leads to things such as being looked at more intently by security at stores, feeling like the “other” and facing more prejudice and scrutiny from the police. The killing of George Floyd in 2020, which led to protests, is an example that so much work still needs to be done.

In addition, Asians in North America are another marginalized group who have faced prejudice. When the pandemic broke out, anti-Asian hate grew, many blaming this group for the coronavirus, some even referring to it as the “Chinese virus” and “China virus.”

In both these examples of marginalized groups, it is important to remember that not everyone holds these racist views. Over time, humans have had the capacity to evolve in their ideas and change their viewpoints regarding marginalized groups. However, some still cling to old, racist ideology.

Thinking about the things that have changed over the course of history is certainly interesting. As mentioned, the way we live out our lives and what we wear is completely different than in the past. Times flies, yes, but I do not think it changes much—the good and the bad. 

Citation:

Sharpe, Christina. “The Wake.” In the Wake-On Blackness and Being. Durham and London: Duke University Press, 2016, pp. 1-32. 

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Olivia is a McMaster University graduate with a combined honours in English & cultural studies and history. She loves to read, write and, of course, drink coffee. 

Cassandra Di Lalla (she/her/hers), Low Entropy Volunteer Writer

We live in a world that is unbelievably divided at times, and that can be so scary! A lot of people use poor judgement or make bad decisions. Some people are bystanders and don’t use their voice, either due to fear or discomfort . . . or maybe because they just cannot be bothered. And of course, there are others who stand up and put themselves at the forefront to prove that there’s still hope, and that faith in humanity can be restored.

There are; however, some things that are completely inexcusable and unacceptable:

1. Mistreatment/disrespect, or threats of any kind towards my family

Why is this even on the list, like really Cassandra . . . Well, it should be fairly obvious as to why I will not respect or even listen to your point of view if you’ve mistreated/disrespected or threatened any members of my family. Quite honestly, I would hope that you protect your family just as much as I protect mine. My family members aren’t only my blood, but they’re also my best friends, my ride-or-dies, my heartbeat and the reason I’m still alive today. I cannot and will not respect those who have done my family wrong, especially to my mother, my late father and my brother, because they mean more to me than anything or anyone else in this world.

1. Judgement of a disability or different abilities, or the mocking of a mental or physical disorder

My goodness—I don’t think people realize how much of a toll this takes on people who are suffering from these kinds of things. There are other people in the world who are fully aware of the words they are saying, the comments they are making, the looks they are giving, etc . . . yet they go out of their way to bully and harass those who are different than they are. I will never, under any circumstances, accept or tolerate people who choose to judge those who have a disability or are differently abled, or have a mental or physical disorder. Where’s the compassion or the empathy? I have always said that we are all children of the world—on the same planet, walking the same earth, so what’s the problem?

I can only hope that whatever you’re struggling with, you’re able to find peace and comfort knowing that there are strangers out there who are just waiting to be part of your life and prove to you that they’re really just friends you haven’t met yet. There are people in the world who would vouch for you, pray with you and for you, laugh with you, cry with you, or lend you their shoulder to cry on. There are magical people out there who will do whatever they can in order for you to feel at ease, to feel the love and care that you deserve despite the unkind reactions or unkind comments you’ve received throughout your life. They’re waiting to share a similar experience, or at least be able to talk about the difficulties surrounding their personal struggles too. We’re supposed to keep each other afloat—we should not allow people to sink deep into salty waters and then leave them there like the sunken treasures that have never been found.

1. Racism and discrimination

I 1000 per cent live by the fact that there are good and bad people in every race, culture, ethnicity, religion, community, socioeconomic group, etc . . . It is completely irrelevant what a person’s status is in all aspects. If people are ready and willing to judge you based on your appearance or without even knowing anything about you, your upbringing or where you’re from, then there is absolutely no reason at all for that person to be given the time of day. I will not accept those who are not equally as accepting of others as I am. Truthfully, some people are hand-picking hatred and instilling fear in others as opposed to having an open heart, and teaching love and kindness.

There are so many others that I can truly go into detail about, but my goodness, I’d be writing this piece until next year if that were the case. Just remember that your contribution to this earth is a reflection of you and only you, so make sure you’re not poisoning the world with hatred and greed. We will all benefit from generosity and respect, as it’s a common practice among mindful individuals.  

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Cassandra Di Lalla lives life purposefully. She enjoys reading, writing and mental health initiatives. She’s an animal lover for life and an innovative individual always finding new ways to create.

Gabriella Krystia (she/her/hers), Low Entropy Volunteer Writer

I held your hand as you took your last breath, and that changed me. From that moment forward, a dark cloud loomed over me. All the sunshine and happiness disappeared in the blink of an eye. I was 14 and I was numb. I was in a dark place, one that felt like me taking my last breath too. My life continued, but I stopped living that day. I stopped being who I was and from then on I was the sad girl, the grieving girl, the worst-case-imaginable-for-many-people girl. My head was stuck in this dark and gloomy world with no colour or happiness. I was consumed by the dark cloud and I was glued, too. 

You see, that day broke me; it broke me in the kind of way you don’t just heal from, but the kind of way you transform from. Every opinion of the world shifts, your point of view twists upside down. It’s like needing glasses and finally being able to see. But what you see isn’t beautiful, it’s scary. Every experience exposes a new risk, it becomes impossible to live young and recklessly because you see every possible bad outcome. Life becomes so terrifying that it is easy to live in that dark and gloomy cloud around your head. 

I became comfortable living in this dark cloud. Always expecting the worst thing and being surprised when it doesn’t happen is easier than being broken again. Expecting the worst became easy, following the same lifeless motions through the day became easier and not getting excited over little things became normal. I was this broken teenage girl who lost all sense of wonder and hope and joy. I lived in this dark and gloomy cloud for a long time. But then it dawned on me. I was not who I thought I was. 

I was not this dark-and-gloomy-expecting-the-worst kind of girl. I had to break through that cloud to find myself. And on the other side, it was so beautiful. I was the girl who got excited over a good cup of coffee and a gorgeous sunrise. I was the girl who understood that bad things can happen, but so can good things. I understood things would work out for me if I just gave it a shot. I became the girl who tried new things and lived for every different experience that life had to offer. I became loud and assertive; I found my place and held it strong. 

I began living again, slowly but surely, finding a way to make the most of every waking moment and loving this chance to live a full life. The day the cloud lifted I started living again and it had never felt so good. It was like drowning and finally getting a big gasp of fresh air. I found joy in the birds chirping and wonder in what the future would hold, and hope that things would all work out okay. 

You see, when it dawned on me that I wasn’t who I thought I was, I had to come to terms with many things, but the biggest lesson I learnt was that my trauma does not define me. Yes, I have been through unimaginable loss, but I have also had unimaginable highs where life has felt like I could do anything I wanted with it, there were no limits. I wouldn’t be this me without that dark, gloomy cloud, but I am not the dark, gloomy cloud. This me I am today has always been there. She was just covered by the cloud.

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1. Chahbani (she/her/hers), Low Entropy Volunteer Writer 

When I reflect, I realize that life has spoiled me. I grew up with two loving parents and never experienced hunger or poverty in my childhood. Growing up, I realized that not everyone around me lived the same way or had the same opportunities. 

The privilege of an affluent upbringing gives us access to many benefits. This includes a good education, better health care and more resources for personal development.  

It took me a long time to realize that being healthy was a privilege, and surely one of the most significant. I have witnessed many cases of disability throughout my humble existence. I have always believed that individuals grow with their disabilities. This makes them more adaptable. Losing a limb or sense is probably the hardest part of the adaptation process. It makes life more depressing and chaotic.  

I was in my early 20s, with a head full of dreams, when I lost the use of one of my eyes. I had graduated from college as a graphic designer. I could no longer spend hours in front of my laptop or drawing. This filled me with anger. I began to feel that life was unfair for making me endure all this. I had the feeling  that I had lost the career of my dreams before I had even started to pursue it. I began to see everyone as more fortunate than me, considering that they still had the functionality of both their eyes. When things like this happen, you become more aware of every detail. You perceive things differently. You start to question the way things looked before the handicap.  

All of a sudden, you realize that you have not been paying full attention to your surroundings. You should have enjoyed this privilege. Despite that loss, however, your privilege remains. I lost an eye, which turned my world upside down for the first couple of years. Someone else might have lost their entire vision. I began to think this way. It was not only for the sake of my soul, but also a reminder that I was still blessed. 

You probably don’t always feel grateful for what you’ve endured or what you have. On hard days, your mind can play tricks on you. I was going through one of those days not long ago. I was grieving. I was imagining what my career would have been like if I hadn’t lost sight in one eye, with fewer struggles and a more stable career.  

I had no idea how difficult it could be until I saw a blind man. I guess I needed something to shake me up a bit. It made me see where I had been. I looked around and noticed that the world is bigger than a disability. 

Having blurry vision is part of my disability, especially during the night. When you are outdoors, you have to pay more attention and be cautious when  crossing the road or walking. It was a cold and snowy evening. This meant more obstacles for me. 

While waiting for the pedestrian lights to turn white, I observed the blind guy coming towards me. He had a happy and cheery face. He was there waiting for the lights during the storm and didn’t even ask for help. I felt confused and speechless. I pondered: how could anyone leave a disabled man outside in this weather? I had been there for two to three minutes. As I look back on it, I realize that those few precious minutes made me recognize how lucky I was. 

 It’s always better to have a little light than to be in the dark. Asking this man about life as a disabled  person would have been inappropriate. His serene, joyful face has become a compass for me when I’m lost in a difficult day. This encounter changed my perspective. I came to realize that I do have it all. 

You will have to be mentally tough to get through the bad days. It won’t be easy, but it’s worthwhile.  You’ll be lucky if you can become aware of what you’re privileged to have without having to lose anything to realize it. Cherish everything you have, whether it’s material or emotional.

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1. Chahbani has pursued several career paths over the past decade. She is now making a career change. Her purpose in writing is to share her thoughts and experiences with others in her own words.  Sharing is caring.

Rowan Sanan (he/him/his), Low Entropy Volunteer Writer

Think back to when you were young, dear reader. Were you a part of a close-knit group? Maybe you bonded over something. Comics, books, maybe a type of sport you played, or a particular influencer or band you knew. 

Now think further. Did you ever reject anyone from hanging out with you because they didn’t like the same thing? 

Despite the growing interconnectedness of our world through technology and the internet, the presence of tribalism and nationalism remains. You’d think that with a greater thirst for and availability of knowledge, humanity would put aside their differences and come together as a greater community. 

Well, that’s clearly not the truth. 

Conformity is the direct result of these two tendencies. Tribalism, once used as a method for survival throughout history, is no longer all that it’s cracked up to be. It’s divisive. Cliquey. Think hardcore sports fans or the intense followers of a niche artist that gatekeep their art from everyone else.

Still, it’s not all rooted in bad intentions. Some “tribes” are made to exclude others. Indeed, some provide a safe, secure space for people with similar thoughts, ideas and opinions to express themselves. 

Nationalism has a similar effect. In theory, it’s not such a bad thing. Being passionate about where you’re from and the place you live is perfectly fine. Still, there is a line that is crossed time and time again when nationalism becomes a sense of superiority. Nationalism can unite people, but it can divide just as easily as those who are not part of the greater nation are ignored and excluded. 

What does that mean for us? 

It’s so incredibly easy to conform to these sets of ideals because it’s pretty much wired into us as humans. We crave connection, the feeling of belonging and the need for identity. That is why tribalism and nationalism are so potent. They use our basic human instincts to bring us together . . . but also drive us apart. 

There isn’t anything wrong with being a part of a group of people with a common interest or goal. The problem is when it becomes ostracizing. Marginalizing. When it pushes individuals to conform instead of allowing them the free will to choose to participate for themselves, without changing their personal beliefs and opinions. 

Social media and the internet have only increased these tribalistic and nationalistic tendencies. Algorithms prioritize beliefs, biases and division. Have you noticed that on any given Instagram post, the comments will always have one person disagreeing, whether aggressively or peacefully? That person is either agreed with or ostracized entirely depending on the context, giving no room for conversation or peaceful interaction. Politics and the media do the same thing. They rally support by creating tribalistic groups to face their opponents with groups who will hang on their every word because of a handful of connected ideals. 

This bandwagon effect of conformity is so easy because we are surrounded by it 24/7 thanks to the internet and media. Confirmation biases lead people to affirm only their own beliefs and to ignore critical thinking. We see other people’s opinions change and we think, “Hey, maybe I should think that way too. Everyone else seems to be doing it.”

Breaking free from these tribalistic and nationalistic tendencies is as easy as a conscious effort involving education, inclusion, and self-awareness. 

We must question our beliefs and biases to seek diverse perspectives, challenging narratives pushed upon us to find our own opinions and ideas. We can hold empathy towards others—and maybe cause a little less comment section discourse in the media. 

Educating each other on these issues is essential too, and this can be achieved through fostering empathy from a young age to recognize the dignity of all people, regardless of what groups we belong to. That is also why inclusivity is so vital, because it directly conflicts with the ideas of divisive tribalism and nationalism. Dialogue and understanding are so important in building an interconnected world. 

Still, belonging to groups who share a particular opinion or goal isn’t a bad thing. It’s probably best for everyone to find people who they agree with and can talk to about their interests and passions. We just have to be mindful. We have to be open and welcoming. We have to push aside our biases and disagreements to create a more inclusive and compassionate society. 

It sounds impossible, but if enough people can be self-aware enough to try, it’s always possible to achieve. 

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Rowan is a university student who loves to write books and poetry, read all kinds of books, and spend time with his family and pets.

Moses Lookman Kargbo, Low Entropy Volunteer Writer

In today’s society, individuals with physical disabilities encounter various obstacles that go beyond their physical limitations. From inaccessible buildings to societal stigmas, navigating daily life can be a daunting task. In this article, we will explore the complexities faced by people with physical disabilities and the importance of fostering inclusivity in our communities.

As someone who has witnessed firsthand the struggles of a family member with a physical disability, I understand the impact it can have on one’s sense of belonging and self-worth. Simple tasks that many take for granted become significant hurdles, highlighting the need for greater awareness and understanding.

Recent discussions on accessibility and inclusivity have brought to light the need for systemic change. Whether it’s advocating for better infrastructure or challenging stereotypes, there’s a growing momentum towards creating a more inclusive society. It’s crucial for individuals and organizations alike to actively participate in these conversations and drive meaningful change.

One approach to fostering inclusivity is through universal design. By incorporating accessibility features into our environment from the outset, we can create spaces that are welcoming to people of all abilities. From wheelchair ramps to braille signage, small changes can have a significant impact on the lives of individuals with disabilities.

Research plays a crucial role in debunking myths and misconceptions surrounding physical disabilities. Studies have shown that individuals with disabilities possess unique strengths and abilities, challenging traditional narratives of dependency. By highlighting these findings, we can shift societal attitudes and promote a more inclusive mindset.

Engaging in dialogue and fostering community discussions are essential steps towards creating a more inclusive society. By amplifying the voices of individuals with disabilities and listening to their experiences, we can gain valuable insights into the challenges they face. It’s through collaboration and empathy that we can break down barriers and build a more inclusive future for all.

In conclusion, addressing the challenges faced by individuals with physical disabilities requires a collective effort from society as a whole. By raising awareness, advocating for change and fostering inclusivity in our communities, we can create a world where everyone feels valued and included. Let’s work together to build a more accessible and equitable society for all.

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Neha Kaushik, Low Entropy Volunteer Writer

The Cambridge Dictionary defines the word “convince” as “to cause someone to believe something or to do something.” 

Convincing is like a coin, and which side of the coin you get depends on what kind of a person you are or what is happening around you. There are two elements intricately involved in this convincing business—validation and control. There may be more—humans are complex—but I have generally seen these two associated with the Tribe of Convincers. I may have as well been the queen of this tribe. Once. 

For me, the coin didn’t land on either side. I got a little bit of both elements. 

It’s almost incredible how validation can lead to the need to have control. It is the king of the hell you build for yourself. Today, as I live and breathe, I do not bother to convince anyone, no matter how loved, or how close they are. To understand why I got here, it is important to understand why I used to try to convince people. 

Like any other human being, I too experienced moments when I wanted to share the good or bad with someone. When I experienced something beautiful, it used to feel incomplete till I shared it with someone. And I did, I shared.

The worst response you can get when you share like this is indifference or minimization of your feelings. This happened. 

At other times, I would have this great point on my mind that could change the world (yes, I was going to change the world, like all of us in our teens and 20s felt we could). So I wanted others to see it, and understand it. When I put forth that point and someone shot it down bluntly, there went the world. I couldn’t save a point, let alone change the world. Was I bad at convincing people? My philosophy degree and numerous medals won would disagree.

You choose people you want to share special moments with carefully, and when they let you down, repeatedly, it is heart-wrenching. It’s a chicken and egg situation to try to answer whether it was the people who weren’t right or was my judgment in choosing people wasn’t sound enough. I am not interested in finding that answer either. When an uninsured house burns down, it doesn’t matter whether a short-circuit caused the fire or you left the iron on. It is burnt and you’re not getting a damn penny in compensation.

I started from an innocent place. When I was simply sharing with those I loved and cared about, sharing what I felt. Then somewhere down the line, it became a battle of proving what I felt had validity. I began trying to convince people, especially those I was in a relationship with. It no longer remained the sharing of feelings. I had more debaters in my life than I had friends and lovers who debated my experiences. I wanted validation of my experiences, as a normal human would, from the person they love. When that didn’t come, I wanted to control how my experiences were perceived.

The exhaustion of trying to make others see a point, to make them see what you see, even with those you so dearly love, ultimately got me. As I saw it, I had two options: I could choose misery, and I might have some lucky days when people would see what I was trying to make them, see or I could retire from the field of validation and control altogether. 

I retired. 

The decision to retire came from different places: disappointment, indifference and exhaustion. In the process, I made peace with myself so validation for the sake of validation was no longer required. There are still people I do and will love dearly; I do and will have sincere friendships. Nothing changed, except a part of me is now missing. My compulsion to form or feel connections where mutual sharing and validation were prerequisites is greatly diminished, if not destroyed. The journey to get here consisted of a lot of tears-in-the-rain kind of moments, like a brutal injury to that warm part of my soul that never got treated. It is hard to answer whether one person or many did it. It is impossible to answer when exactly I stopped even thinking about convincing other people.

If you don’t agree with my political, religious, personal, philosophical, moral or ethical views, you don’t have to. If you do, it’s all the same to me. Everything I want to hear, I am capable of telling myself with conviction. For the external world, I say my piece when I feel it must be said. I am still a functional part of social settings; I participate in discussions and conversations, and even debates, occasionally. There is no expectation of any response or outcome. 

Some people tell me it’s a stoic way of being. Maybe so. I am not sure whether it is becoming numb or feeling something but enduring it so well that I do not need to show or do anything in response. If I had reached this state due to pure indifference, perhaps it’d be stoic. 

The final word is what it is. 

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